Oiling device for internal-combustion engines



- 1,615,363 Jan. 25, 1927' R. F. ENSIGN OILING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 12 19,25

INVENTOH W1 TN 5 @501 FHmvcls Evsmu fwwwf/ WWg Patented Jan. 25, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. 1

ROY F. ENSIGN, OF SOUTH PASADENA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB TO ENSIGN CAR- BU'RETER COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALI- FORNIA.

OILING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed December 12, 1925. Serial No. 74,989.

The majority of present day internal combustion engines lubricate the piston rings with oil splashed from the crank thrown in the crank case. In most instances when en,- gines of this type are operating at heavy loads this method of lubrication does not properly lubricate the upper rings of the pistons, and such lack of proper lubrication results in wear of the cylinders and piston ringsand consequent loss of power from friction.

An object of this invention is to provide novel means whereby oil is supplied to the engine pistons and cylinders when the engine is operating at a large per cent of full load to thereby properly lubricate such working parts at such motor loads. f

Another object is to construct a novel device that will accomplish this result andwhich may be attached to engines of present construction.

Simplicity of construction and elimination of all moving parts in my device of this character are other objects.

A feature of the invention'is in the sion of novel means whereby oil is introduced into the upper portion of, the cylinders through the intake manifold only when the engine is operating at loads over say about half load.

A further object is to construct a novel device of this character whereby the suction in the intake manifold is utilized during certain engine loads to deliver oil from'the device to the intake manifold and to divert from the passage into the intake manifold, during low engine loads, oil introduced into my device from which it returns to the enine. i g I will describe my device as applied to in ternal combustion engines in whichthe oil pressure in the oil feed lines is maintained more or less uniform due to the interposition of a relief valve. However, my devlce may be applied with equally as good results, to.

engines in which the oil pressure varies with the speed of the motor. The only change being in the manner of adjustment which will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Other objects, advantagesand features of invention may appear from the accompanying drawing, the subjoined detail description and the appended claims,

' pump rovi- Fig.2 is an elevation of'my device detached from the engine and looking from the left of Fig. 1.

The internal combustion engine 1 comprises the usual intake manifold 2, carbu reter 3, and crank case 4 to which-the oil pump-5 is connected at any suitable point by means of pipe 6. A pipe 7 leading from the 5v conducts oil to the usual engine bearings in a manner well known in the art. The foregoing elements bein well known and of any standard constructlon will not be described in detail.

My invention includes an oiliiig device comprising a casting 8 which has an oil receiving chamber 9 therein adapted to receive oil from the crank case through a branch pipe 10 which is connected to the pipe 7 and opens into the upper end of said chamber 9 through an inlet 11 in the form of a'reduced orifice that is under control of a-needle valve 12, which screws into the casting 8 in line with said orifice. v

The lower end of the chamber 9 is provided with a nozzle 13 which is in alineinto, an 011 return pipe 14 thatis connected to any suitable point in the crank case'so that oil delivered thereto from nozzle 13 will be returned to the supply in the crank case.

The pipe 14 is preferably connected to the crank case below the oil level therein so'that the passage through pipe 14 will be sealed by oil from the crank case. The purpose of this seal will be more fully hereinafter explained. It is apparent that the. seal may be formed by a U-shaped trap formed in'the pipe and which trap is then filled with oil.

A stand pipe15 is threaded into the lower end of the casting 8 in a boss and has a reduced portion 17 that forms with bore 18 an annular chamber 19. The upper end of the reduced portion encircles the nozzle 13 and is spaced therefrom asli'ght' distance to provide for communication between the chamber 18 and the bore of stand pipe and which bore may be said to be an extension of pipe 14:.

A drip chamber is formed by a. glass tube 20 Which is secured to body 16 by screws 21 and cover plate 22. Gaskets 23 form a liquid tight joint betweenthe tube and at approximately the same height as the lower end of nozzle 13.

My device may be attached or installed at any convenient place relative to the engine but is shown as being supported by a pipe nipple 27 threaded into the intalre manifold 2 and casting 8. The pipe 27 opens into the manifold 2 and connects the same with the annular chamber 19 through a reduced orilice 28.

bill

in operation with the engine operating at any load the pump 5 Will deliver under a certain degree of pressure and under control of valve 12 to the oil receiving chamber 9, oil from the crank case 1.

The oil delivered to the oil receiving chamber 9 will fall by gravity to the lower end thereor and at loads below say about hall load is drawn through nozzle 13 into pipe 14; by the suction head applied in said pipe from the variable depression in intake manifold 2 through annular chamber 19 by vvay of orifice 28 which is made only euthciently large to allow passage oil the necessary amount of oil to lubricate the piston rings as the orifice 28 is an air lead on the manifold 2. The depression in manifold 2 varies Widely "from no load tofull load and is greatest at no load.

Uil passing through nozzle 13 will fall by gravity through the stand pipe 15 and into pipe 1d through which it will be returned to the crank case.

The suction head applied in chamber 19 is communicated to the pipe 1d through the small space between the reduced end 17 or stand pipe 15 and nozzle 13, and raises the oil in pipe 1d from the normal level 29 to a point say about at 30.

As the load on the engine isincreased the suction head on orifice 28 will decrease practically to atmospheric pressure when full load is reached and a very small percent of oil entering chamber 9 will pass throughthe nozzle 13 and the dour will then be through. drip pi e25 into chamber 20 from hich the oil one through nozzle 24: into annular chamber 19 and thence through orifice 28 the translucent tube 20'.

into the manifold 2 from which it is carried to the engine cylinders by the combustible charge of fuel and air passing therethrough.

The amount of air flowing through orifice 28 will not appreciably decrease until about half load is reached and until such time oil will continue to flow from nozzle 13 and then gradually decrease as the load increases. The minimum flow through nozzle 13 will occur When the engine is operating at full load.

The nozzle 24 is of such size that the triotion of air and oil passing through it to orifice 28 will create in chamber 19 the desired de ression.

For ad ustment it is preferable to first open the needle valve 12 with the engine operating at no load until oil drips from pipe 25. This may be easily visualized through The valve 12 is then closed to a position Where the oil just stops flowing from pipe 25. The device is then adjusted ready for use provided the various nozzles have been properly proportioned to adapt the device to the particular type or malre of engine to which the device is attached.

I claim:

1. In combination with an internal combastion engine having an intake manifold, a crank case; and means adapted to ump oil from said cranlr case to bearings or said engine; a body having an oil receiving chamber connected to receive oil from said pump means; a pipe connected to conduct oil from the chamber to said crank case; a drip chamber connected to said oil receiving chamber and open to the atmos here;

and means connecting said drip cham er to said intake manifold.

2. An attachment of the character described ifor internal combustion engines comprising a body provided with an oil receivingvchamber having a valve controlled inlet; a drip chamber connected to said oil receiving chamber and open to the atmosphere; a nozzle opening from the lower end of said oil receiving chamber; a stand pipe threaded to said body and adapted to receive oil 'lrom said nozzle; a chamber around said stand pipe; another nozzle connecting the last mentioned chamber With said drip chamber; and means to connect the chamber around the stand pipe with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

3. An oiling device for internal combustion engines comprising an oil receiving chamber having an inlet and a nozzle; a drip chamber; means connecting said receiving chamber and said drip chamber; a

pipe to receive oil from said nozzle and havin a liquid seal therein; and means connects deliver o l from saiddrip chamber to the intake manitold or an engine during misses engine loads above about one half and to apply a depression on said nozzle at engine loads below about one half.

4. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold, a crank case; and means adapted to pump oil from said crank case to bearings of said engine, a body having an oil receiving chamber connected to receive oil from said pump means, means to adjust the flow from said pump means to said chamber, a pipe connected to conduct oil from the chamber to said crank case, a drip chamber connected to said oil receiving chamber and open to the atmosphere; and means connecting said drip chamber to said intake manifold.

5. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold, a crank case; and means adapted to pump oil from said crank case to bearings of said engine; a body having an oil receiving chamber connected to receive oil from said pump means; a pipe connected to conduct oil from the chamber to said crank case; adrip chamber connected to said oil receiving chamber and open to the atmosphere; a second chamber connected to said drip chamber and to said intake manifold, said pipe opening into said chamber.

6. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold, I

a crank case; and means adapted to pump oil from said crank case to bearings of said engine; a body having an oil receiving chamber connected to receive oil from said pump means; a pipe connected to conduct oil from the chamber to said crank case; a drip chamber connected to said oil receiving chamber and open to the atmosphere; an annular. chamber connected to said drip chamberand to said intake manifold, said pipe extending into and being open to said annular chamber. v

7. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold, a crank case; and means adapted to pump oil from said crank case to bearings of said engine; a body having an oil receiving chamber connected to receive oil from said pump means; a pipe connected to conduct oil from the chamber to said crank case; a drip chamber connected to said oil receiving chamber and 0 en to the atmosphere; and means connecting said drip chamber and pipe to said intake manifold.

In testimony whereof, if have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, (Jalifornia, this 5th day of December, 1995.

nor r. ENSIGN. 

